What are the fire prevention measures for oil tanks?

1. Selection and layout of oil tanks
Selection:
Engine oil tanks should preferably use external floating roof tanks or internal floating roof tanks to reduce the volatilization of flammable liquids.
For liquids with a boiling point greater than or equal to 45°C and a saturated vapor pressure not greater than 88kPa, normal temperature and pressure storage can be used, but safety measures such as nitrogen sealing and controlling the storage temperature to be 5°C lower than the flash point of the liquid need to be taken.
Layout:
Oil storage tanks should be arranged in groups, and tanks with the same or similar fire hazard categories should be arranged in the same tank group.
Normal pressure oil storage tanks should not be arranged in the same group as liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas condensate storage tanks.
Boiling oil storage tanks should not be arranged in the same group as non-boiling oil storage tanks.
2. Fire protection distance
Internal distance of oil tank group:
The fire protection distance between rows of vertical oil tanks should not be less than 5 meters, and the fire protection distance between rows of horizontal oil tanks should not be less than 3 meters.
The fire protection distance between oil tanks should comply with relevant regulations. For example, when the capacity of a single tank is greater than 1,000 cubic meters, the spacing should not be more than 12 tanks.
Spacing outside the oil tank group:
The oil tank group should maintain a sufficient safety distance from surrounding facilities (such as substations, railways, residential areas, etc.).
3. Fire dike setting
The vertical oil tank group on the ground should be equipped with a fire dike. The fire dike should be closed and able to withstand the static pressure of the contained oil and the destructive force caused by earthquakes.
Fire dikes should be built with non-combustible materials, preferably earth dikes. When the soil source is difficult, bricks, reinforced concrete and other non-combustible materials can be used for masonry.
4. Pipelines and valves
Isolation valves should be installed on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the oil tank near the oil tank and outside the fire dike.
Fuel pipelines should be laid overhead and should be arranged below the thermal pipeline.
5. Other fire prevention measures
Safety facilities:
The oil tank should be equipped with a nitrogen or other inert gas sealing protection system to collect and process the gas discharged from the tank in a closed manner.
Set up fixed and semi-fixed foam fire extinguishing systems.
Operational specifications:
Operation of oil and gas storage tanks with over-temperature, over-pressure, over-liquid level and arbitrary change of storage media are strictly prohibited.
The fire source should be strictly controlled in the oil tank area, and it is strictly prohibited to bring fire into the oil tank area.